垃圾滲濾液處理工藝      Landfill leachate treatment process
        滲瀝液處理主體工藝為“外置式MBR+納濾+反滲透”
        The main process of leachate treatment is “external MBR+ nanofiltration + reverse osmosis”

        一、MBR工藝原理

        膜生物反應(yīng)器工藝(簡(jiǎn)稱MBR)是一種將膜分離技術(shù)和傳統(tǒng)生化方法進(jìn)行有機(jī)結(jié)合的新型水處理技術(shù)。
        MBR系統(tǒng)的超濾部分采用德國(guó)BERGHOF公司的管式超濾膜，其過(guò)濾孔徑為0.03 u m，可以有效截留所有的微生物菌體和懸浮物。同時(shí)，超濾系統(tǒng)可以對(duì)大顆粒的有機(jī)污染物進(jìn)行截留，進(jìn)一步保證MBR系統(tǒng)出水的穩(wěn)定。本套超濾系統(tǒng)采用大流量高速循環(huán)的方式，膜管內(nèi)的水力流速達(dá)到3-5m/s，可以有效的防止污染物的沉積，減少膜污染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，延長(zhǎng)膜使用壽命。
        MBR的主要特點(diǎn)：
        ▲主要污染物COD，BOD和氨氮有效降解，無(wú)二次污染；
        ▲反應(yīng)器高效集成，占地面積小，運(yùn)行費(fèi)用合理；
        ▲100%生物菌體分離；出水無(wú)細(xì)菌和固性物；
        ▲污泥負(fù)荷( F/M)低，剩余污泥量小；

        MBR系統(tǒng)采用的反硝化+硝化工藝可以很好的對(duì)滲瀝液廢水中的氨氮、有機(jī)污染物進(jìn)行有效脫除。其中氨氮的脫除率可達(dá)到99%以上，有機(jī)污染物脫除率達(dá)到92%以上。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)可以全年運(yùn)行，并能保證處理效果的穩(wěn)定，系統(tǒng)的膜使用壽命保證達(dá)到5年以上。
        MBR process principle
        Membrane Bioreactor Process (MBR) is a new type of water treatment technology that combines membrane separation technology with traditional biochemical methods.
The ultrafiltration part of the MBR system adopts the tubular ultrafiltration membrane of BERGHOF Company in Germany. Its filtration pore size is 0.03 u m, which can effectively intercept all microbial cells and suspended solids. At the same time, the ultrafiltration system can intercept large particles of organic pollutants to further ensure the stability of the MBR system. The ultrafiltration system adopts a large-flow high-speed circulation method, with a hydraulic flow rate in the membrane tube of 3-5 m/s, which can effectively prevent the deposition of pollutants, reduce the risk of membrane pollution, and prolong the service life of the membrane.

        Main characteristics of MBR:

        ▲The main pollutants COD, BOD and ammonia nitrogen are effectively degraded without secondary pollution;
        ▲The reactor is highly integrated, with small land occupation and reasonable operating cost.
        ▲ 100% biological cell separation; no bacteria or solids in the outlet water;
        ▲The sludge load (F/M) is low and the amount of excess sludge is small;
The denitrification and nitrification process adopted in the MBR system can effectively remove ammonia nitrogen and organic pollutants from the leachate wastewater. Among them, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen reaches more than 99%, and the removal rate of organic pollutants reaches over 92%. The entire system can be operated all year round, with stable treatment effect. The membrane life of the system is guaranteed to reach more than 5 years.

        二、NF+RO工藝原理

        納濾、反滲透處理工藝作為常用的水處理手段,已經(jīng)在許多水處理行業(yè)中得到成功應(yīng)用。反滲透屬于膜分離技術(shù)范疇,其采用的是過(guò)濾孔徑為0.1nm的反滲透膜。
膜分離技術(shù)主要是利用過(guò)濾膜的微小過(guò)濾孔徑,在壓力作用下對(duì)混合液進(jìn)行濃縮分離得到部分濃度較低的產(chǎn)水和濃度較高的濃縮液。其作用的理論基礎(chǔ)是膜對(duì)物質(zhì)的選擇透過(guò)性，即清水及小分子物質(zhì)允許通過(guò)，大分子物質(zhì)及顆粒物質(zhì)被全部截留。膜分離技術(shù)可以有效的對(duì)水中的污染物截留濃縮并得到較為潔凈的產(chǎn)品水。根據(jù)理論分析,反滲透膜的切割分子量等級(jí)為20D,即反滲透膜0.1nm過(guò)濾孔徑可以保證膜對(duì)分子量大于20D的物質(zhì)顆粒有90%以上的去除率。
        反滲透工藝在許多工程中得到成功應(yīng)用。在這套工藝中,污水經(jīng)過(guò)反滲透系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行濃縮分離去除絕大部分有機(jī)污染和大部分鹽份,其產(chǎn)品水質(zhì)可以達(dá)到一個(gè)很高的條件。結(jié)合本工程實(shí)際情況來(lái)看,反滲透系統(tǒng)可以對(duì)污水中分子量大于20D的有機(jī)污染物大量截留。經(jīng)過(guò)反滲透系統(tǒng)的過(guò)濾,其產(chǎn)水中的有機(jī)物含量已經(jīng)在一個(gè)比較低的程度,大分子物質(zhì)全部被截留形成濃縮液另行處置;鹽分物質(zhì)也被去除掉95%以上,一價(jià)鹽的穩(wěn)定去除率也在80%以上,形成的產(chǎn)品水水質(zhì)可以穩(wěn)定達(dá)到目標(biāo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求。
        NF+RO process principle
        Nanofiltration and reverse osmosis treatment processes, as common water treatment methods, have been successfully applied in many water treatment industries. Reverse osmosis belongs to the field of membrane separation technology, which uses a reverse osmosis membrane with a filtration pore size of 0.1 nm.
Membrane separation technology mainly uses the tiny filtration pore size of the filtration membrane to concentrate and separate the mixed liquid under pressure to obtain a lower concentration of water and a higher concentration of concentrated liquid. The theoretical basis of its action is the selective permeability of the membrane to the substances, that is, the water and small molecular substances are allowed to pass through, and the large molecular substances and the particulate substances are all intercepted. Membrane separation technology can effectively intercept and concentrate pollutants in water and obtain relatively clean product water. According to the theoretical analysis, the grade of molecular weight cut off of the reverse osmosis membrane is 20D, that is, the 0.1 nm filtration pore size of the reverse osmosis membrane can ensure that the membrane has a removal rate of more than 90% for the particles having a molecular weight greater than 20D.
Reverse osmosis process has been successfully applied in many projects. In this process, the wastewater is concentrated and separated by a reverse osmosis system to remove most of the organic pollution and most of the salt, with the product water quality reaching a very high level. Combined with the actual situation of the project, the reverse osmosis system can intercept a large amount of organic pollutants with a molecular weight greater than 20D in the wastewater. After filtration by the reverse osmosis system, the organic matter content in the produced water is already at a relatively low level, and the large molecular substances are intercepted to form a concentrated liquid for further treatment; the salt substances are also removed by more than 95%, and the stable removal rate of the monovalent salt is more than 80%. The produced water quality can stably meet the requirements of the target standard.